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Folstein's "Mini-Mental State" Questionnaire

Scoring:
Max   (actual)
ORIENTATION
5 (    ) What is the (year) (season) (date) (day) (month)?
5 (    ) Where are we (state)(country)(town)(hospital)(floor)?
REGISTRATION
3 (    ) Name 3 objects: 1 second to say each. Then ask the patient all 3 after you have said them. Give 1 point for each correct answer. Then repeat them until he learns all 3. Count trials and record.
ATTENTION AND CALCULATION
5 (    ) Serial 7's. 1 point for each correct. Stop after 5 answers. Alternatively, spell "world" backwards.
RECALL
3 (    ) Ask for the 3 objects repeated above. Give 1 point for each correct.
LANGUAGE
9 (    ) Name a pencil, and watch (2 points)
                Repeat the following "No ifs, ands or buts." (1 point)
                Follow a 3-stage command:
                         "Take a paper in your right hand, fold it in half, and put it on the floor" (3 points)
                Read and obey the following: CLOSE YOUR EYES (1 point)
                Write a sentence (1 point)
                Copy design (1 point)

 
      ____  Total Score 

Instructions for Administration  of Mini-Mental State Examination

ORIENTATION
(1) Ask for the date. Then ask specifically for parts omitted, e.g., "Can you also tell me what season it is?" 1 point for each correct.
(2) Ask in turn "Can you tell me the name of this hospital?" (town, county, etc.). 1 point for each correct.

REGISTRATION
Ask the patient if you may test his memory. Then say the names of 3 unrelated objects, clearly and slowly, about one second for each. After you have said all 3, ask him to repeat them. This first repetition determines his score (0-3) but keep saying them until he can repeat all 3, up to 6 trials. If he does not eventually learn all 3, recall cannot be meaningfully tested.

ATTENTION AND CALCULATION
Ask the patient to begin with 100 and count backwards by 7. Stop after 5 subtractions (93, 86, 79, 72, 65). Score the number of correct answers.
If the patient cannot or will not perform this task, as him to spell the word "world" backwards. The score is the number of letter in correct order. E.g., dlrow=5, dlorw=3.

RECALL
Ask the patient if he can recall the 3 words you previously asked him to remember. Score 0-3.

LANGUAGE
Naming: Show the patient a wrist watch and ask him what it is. Repeat for pencil. Score 0-2.
Repetition: Ask the patient to repeat the sentence after you. Allow only one trial. Score 0 or 1.
3-Stage Command: Give the patient a peice of plain blank paper and repeat the command. Score 1 point for each part correctly executed.
Reading: On a blank piece of paper, print the sentence "Close your eyes" in letters large enough for the patient to see clearly. Ask him to read it and do what is says. Score 1 point only if he actually closes his eyes.
Writing: Give the patient a blank piece of paper and ask him to write a sentence for you. Do not dictate a sentence; it is to be written spontaneously. It must contain a subject and verb and be sensible. Correct grammar and punctuation are not necessary.
Copying: On a clean piece of paper, draw intersecting pentagons, each side about 1 in., and ask him to copy it exactly as it is. All 10 angles must be present and 2 must intersect to score 1 point. Tremor and rotation are ignored.
Reprinted from Folstein SE, McHugh PR. Mini-mental state. A practical Method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 1975; 12:189-198.